青少年家庭沟通、焦虑情绪与自我效能感的关系：文献综述

文丽 于; 安妮 陈; 蒲 葛

doi:10.70693/jyxb.v1i2.61

Authors

文丽于吉林体育学院
安妮陈深圳市福田区天健天骄幼儿园
蒲葛北京中医药大学

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70693/jyxb.v1i2.61

Keywords:

青少年；焦虑；家庭沟通；自我效能感

Abstract

本文系统梳理近十年家庭沟通、自我效能感与青少年焦虑情绪的关联研究。研究表明，建设性家庭沟通（如高对话定向、情感温暖）通过增强家庭凝聚力与弹性显著降低青少年焦虑风险；相反，消极沟通模式（冲突、指责）则会加剧焦虑症状。自我效能感作为核心心理资源，对焦虑缓解具有双重价值：既直接缓冲负性情绪，亦通过促进社会适应能力推动个体发展。核心发现揭示：自我效能感在家庭沟通与焦虑情绪间存在显著中介效应。具体机制表现为，建设性沟通通过提供替代经验、社会支持及掌控性体验三条路径提升自我效能感水平，进而强化情绪调节能力并降低焦虑水平。调节效应分析进一步表明：家庭教养方式（权威型/专制型/忽视型）与文化社会经济背景共同构成该中介路径的边界条件。本研究整合多维度证据链，构建“沟通方式－心理机制－情境调节”的综合框架，强调跨文化差异对干预路径的调节作用。未来研究需深入探索中介机制的神经内分泌通路及基于文化适配性的分层干预策略设计。

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